Sapporo to San Francisco (CTS–SFO) — Airlines, Schedules & Connections

Japanese passport holders can enter the United States for up to 90 days under the Visa Waiver Program (VWP) with an approved ESTA (Electronic System for Travel Authorization). Apply at esta.cbp.dhs.gov at least 72 hours before departure. ESTA costs $21, is valid for 2 years, and allows multiple entries. You cannot extend a VWP stay or change immigration status. For stays beyond 90 days, apply for a B-1/B-2 visa at the US Embassy in Tokyo ($185 application fee).

ESTA asks for passport details, employment information, and security questions. Approval is usually instant but can take up to 72 hours. At US immigration, CBP officers may ask about your trip purpose, length of stay, and accommodation. Global Entry ($100, valid 5 years) gives you automated kiosks at major airports, skipping the main immigration line. Apply at ttp.cbp.dhs.gov and interview at the US Embassy Tokyo or at a US airport on arrival.

Direct flights from Tokyo Narita and Haneda to major US cities run 8 to 13 hours depending on the destination. ANA, JAL, United, Delta, American, Hawaiian Airlines, and Zipair operate dozens of daily frequencies. Los Angeles is about 10 hours, New York about 13 hours. The US uses the US dollar, trading at roughly 0.0065 USD per JPY. No vaccination requirements. Mobile Passport Control (MPC) app is an alternative to Global Entry for faster processing at 30+ US airports, free to use.

BART from SFO station (free AirTrain from any terminal to the station) to downtown San Francisco takes 30–40 minutes ($10.45 to Embarcadero). Traffic on 101 can make taxis and ride-hails much slower during peak hours; BART skips all of that. BART also reaches Oakland, Berkeley, and Millbrae for Caltrain connections.Ride-hails from SFO use a dedicated garage pickup area; follow signs. Taxis are metered; downtown SF costs $40–60. Caltrain to the Peninsula (Mountain View, Palo Alto, San Jose) requires taking BART to Millbrae station for the transfer. Rental cars are at a consolidated facility accessible by AirTrain.

Coastal fog dominates the climate pattern. The thick marine layer ("Karl the Fog") rolls into SFO from the Pacific regularly in summer (June–September), causing significant low-visibility delays even on days that appear sunny inland. Morning fog burns off by afternoon most days, but persistent IFR conditions can last all day. This is the primary flight disruption risk at SFO.

Temperatures are mild year-round (10–20°C) with little seasonal variation. Winters bring rain (December–March) and occasional atmospheric river events that cause brief but intense flooding on the 101. Summers are cool. Pack a light jacket year-round. Wind off the bay affects small aircraft approach paths.